WatchTower History Footnotes Page 1 of 2

DIVORCE, BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS, AND OTHER LEGAL ISSUES AFFECTING CHILDREN OF JEHOVAH'S WITNESSES

EMPLOYMENT ISSUES UNIQUE TO JEHOVAH'S WITNESS EMPLOYEES

THE INTERNET'S BEST

HISTORY of the JEHOVAH'S WITNESSES

and the WATCHTOWER SOCIETY

THE INTERNET'S BEST WATCHTOWER SOCIETY HISTORY

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Recently, there has been yet another ludicrous attempt to deny the FACT that Charles Taze Russell was a "Second Adventist" -- instead labeling Russell an "Age-To Comer" due to his ancillary "Age-To-Come" teachings. However, not only are these conspirators denying that CTR was a "Second Adventist", but they also are denying that CTR's "Second Adventist" friends, associates, and influencers were "Second Adventists", if any one of them had left so much as a hint of some ancillary religious belief. We will address some of such below.

Per their rationale, there is no such person as a "Second Adventist", since every "Second Adventist" had a long list of ancillary religious beliefs for which they also could be labeled. How and Why do you think that the labels "Seventh Day Adventists", "Advent Christians", and "Evangelical Adventists" even came about? Why were certain Second Adventists further labeled "timists", or more often, "time brethren" -- mainly by their own fellow Second Adventists?

Unlike the vast majority of his followers, WILLIAM MILLER was an orthodox Baptist, who believed in the literal burning of the earth, the immortality of the soul, the Trinity, eternal punishment, etc. When are some WatchTower historians going to demand that we stop labeling William Miller as an "Adventist", or a "Second Adventist"? Would they also prefer that William Miller no longer be labeled a "Millerite"?

A "Second Adventist" always has been someone whose core religious beliefs and teachings include a focus on the timing of the "Second Advent of Jesus Christ" -- whether it be "imminent", or a specified hour, day, year, decade, or century. Other than that core belief, "time brethren" can differ on any or all of their other beliefs, including those related to non-time aspects of the "Second Advent of Jesus Christ", including the continuously argued about "object and manner".

After all, in 1879, Charles Taze Russell did not name his new magazine, "Zion's Watch Tower and Herald of the Age to Come". No, Charles Taze Russell named his new magazine, "Zion's Watch Tower and Herald of Christ's Presence", because the very purpose of the founding of Russell's new religious magazine was to announce that -- unbeknownst to the world -- the "Second Advent of Jesus Christ" had already begun back in 1874. Charles Taze Russell fits the very definition of who and what is a "Second Adventist".

Now, if someone wishes to also label Russell an "Age-To-Come Second Adventist", that's fine. Russell also can be labeled an "Anti-Trinitarian Second Adventist", or an "Annihilationist Second Adventist", and even an "American Second Adventist", etc.

Bible students should particularly beware of "scholars with agendas". For instance, has anyone else ever wondered why so much effort has been made to DENY that early Charles Taze Russell influencers Benjamin Wilson (Emphatic Diaglott) and his friend Richard Corbaley were "Second Adventists", when Charles Taze Russell never acknowledged any particular relationship with either of those two men? Could it be that certain historical revisionists turned up proof that Russell did in fact have personal relationships with those two "Age-To-Comers", and that both men also turned out to be SECOND ADVENTISTS?"

In fact, on that special weekend when Charles Taze Russell first met with friends and co-religionists Benjamin Wilson and Richard Corbaley, both men's record as a "Second Adventist" was firmly established. In fact, Richard Corbaley even had been a "Millerite" during the 1840s. Richard Corbaley can be found preaching typical "Second Adventist" sermons from the 1860s until the 1890s, in multiple "Churches of God", including ones that Corbaley and his Second Adventist son were pastoring. As for Benjamin Wilson, who purchased a farm a few miles outside Sacramento only a few weeks after the 1872 news report was published, what more can one say -- "companion" of the Advent Christian Church's most prominent leader:

Note that only "some" ACC affiliated local churches used the name "Advent Christian Church". Others, due to the ancillary religious beliefs of their members (including "Age-To-Comers"), used "Christian Church", "Christian Advent Church", "Church of Christ", "Advent Christian Church of God", "Advent Church of God", "Church of God", "Advent Church", "Second Advent Church", "Second Advent Christian Church", "Church of God -- Adventist", and even, "The Church of God of Advent Christian Faith".

Apparently, some arrogant, name-calling researchers simply are not as thorough as they would like for their naive audience to believe. Every Scientist knows that when a researcher begins their research with an agenda, such as to discover something "monumental" about an otherwise boring topic, either consciously or subconsciously, that researcher will ignore evidence which disproves their "goal", and overblow evidence which promotes their goal.

***** For example, would knowing that B. W. Keith had completed multiple quarters, with honors, at the Dansville Seminary, prior to the start of the Civil War, add basic understanding to just about everything otherwise published about him by Russell, the WatchTower Society, Russellites, and others? Would knowing that B. W. Keith had been employed as a local School Principal a year or so after the war ended add even more credibility? Why begin a Keith biography AFTER his education? Even if, by accident, ... there were Keith's entry into the US Army as a NCO, Keith's later position as local DAR Chaplain, Keith's later official claim to being a "minister", Keith's multiple M-E affiliations, or later, Keith's "local only" public lectures (otherwise known as "sermons") that were advertised with handbills? At what point does a "scholar" begin to suspect that Keith was not simply a self-educated house painter, but rather was both intelligent and educated.

Keith is just a starting point. Less about the name and blood type of CTR's paperboy, and more about relevant matters. And, pleassssssse, stop validating Nelson Barbour's info re CTR's early years. CTR LIED to Barbour. CTR had been rejected by every significant Second Adventist in the United States prior to CTR's forced settling for the OBVIOUSLY MENTALLY ILL Nelson Barbour. Barbour was the only one willing to treat CTR as a peer, and such likely occurred only when CTR offered to pay for Barbour's trip to Philly. Money, money, money. Money.

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THE RESTITUTION(Age-To-Come Church of God)January 15, 1918
SETTING UP THE KINGDOM OF GOD IS BOTH A DESTRUCTIVE AND CONSTRUCTIVE WORK(Edited)
In the last lesson we learned that it is God's purpose to "send Jesus Christ" to the earth (Acts 3:20) to destroy all the kingdoms which now exist, and to set up a kingdom of his own (Dan. 2:44). We come now to consider the circumstances which will attend this prodigious political transformation. Will Christ creep upon the nations secretly and decimate "the powers that be" quietly, or will he come when wars are prevalent and troubles are rife? Instead of coming to redeem a saved world, according to the misconceptions of orthodox missionary propagandists, he comes in harmony with scriptural representations.
I. When Christ Returns to Establish the Kingdom of God the Earth Is Baptized in Judgment-fire (Isa. 66:15,16; Psa. 50:3-6; Mai. 4:1,2; Jer. 30:23,24; Psa. 21:9; 11:6; Jer. 25:33).
I. To Baptize the Earth in Judgment-fire. The change from the kingdoms of this world to the kingdom of our Lord and his Christ (Rev. 11:15) will be attended by "a time of trouble such as never was since there was a nation" (Dan. 12:1). ... To natural, political, and military troubles, without a parallel in history, which cause "men's hearts to fail them for fear, and for looking after those things which are coming on the earth" (Luke 21:26), will be added God's visible, judicial operations upon the nations. Natural and national perplexities will be supplemented by miraculous retributions. Vengeance of a most deadly kind overspreads the earth. Multitudes perish by war and pestilence; thousands more fall victims to the fire which will descend after the manner of the judgments upon Sodom and Gomorrah (Ezek. 39:6). ...
Revealed in "flaming fire", Christ comes to take vengeance upon sinners, and to destroy them, with an "everlasting destruction ..." (2 Thess. 1:8,9). ... "The slain of the Lord shall be at that day from one end of the earth even unto the other end of the earth" (Jer. 25:33). Out of this world-wide destruction comes this exhortation and warning: "Take heed to yourselves lest ... that day come upon you unawares. For as a snare shall it come on all them that dwell on the face of the whole earth. Watch ye therefore, and pray always, that ye may be accounted worthy to escape all these things that shall, come to pass, and to stand before the Son of Man" (Luke 21:34-36). ...
If God's own dear ones, after watching and praying without intermission, "escape" with the skin of their teeth (Job 19:20); if "the righteous scarcely be saved" (1 Pet. 4:1S), are not Russellites, Restorationists, and Universalists in a precarious business when they promise the world "escape" from this world-wide "snare"; and then having escaped, another chance for life after the Lord comes? ... Instead of "strengthening the wicked" to continue in his wickedness by a "promise of life" and a "fair chance" in the coming age; instead of giving the world "Russellite opiates" to put them to sleep in sin, and stereotyped arguments of Universalists to make them feel safe in iniquity, "the man of God" (2 Tim. 3:17) must proclaim the word of God ... "Before the fierce anger of the Lord come upon you, before the day of the Lord's anger come upon you. Seek ye the Lord, all ye meek of the earth, which have wrought His judgment; seek righteousness, seek meekness: it may be ye shall be hid in the day of the Lord's anger" (Zeph.2:2,3). ...
Russellism pledges to all men an unconditional and non-forfeitable "chance" in the coming age. This false and seductive system of religion promises all who have neither sought the Lord, righteousness, nor meekness, that they shall be "hid in the day of the Lord's anger", that they shall all "escape". It therefore promises more to the world unconditionally than God has promised to his own sons and daughters conditionally. This doctrine of a "fair chance" for all men, both dead and living, in the kingdom age. is the most audacious dogma that has boon invented since theological quacks began to temporize with the word of God.
...
III. In Mercy God Remembers Justice. Doubtless the reader now sees with a clear vision that the theory which burns up the globe, depopulates the earth, and translates the saints to heaven when Christ comes is an error which utterly subverts the word of God, since It declares that "the righteous shall never be removed: but the wicked shall not inhabit the earth" (Prov. 10:30). "The righteous shall, be recompensed in the earth" (Prov. 11:31). World-burning destroys entirely the kingdom of God, for it leaves no subjects to be governed by it. While these allegations are serious and true, to maintain equilibrium we must also recognize, on the other hand; that the out-flowings of God's mercy are limited like the shafts of his justice. God is just as well as merciful (Rom. 3:26).
At the expense of His justice, Russellism proposes to raise all men from the dead, and then give them a "chance" for eternal life as subjects in the kingdom of God. But the Savior has closed the door in the face of Russellism by these words: "All that are in the graves shall hear his voice, and shall come forth; they that have done good, unto the resurrection of life; and they that have done evil, unto the resurrection of damnation" (John 5:28). The subterfuge often employed by "fair chance" advocates, that God will be propitious to those who suffer "damnation", amounts to a parody upon the words of our Lord. To change "krisis", (damnation), to a trial or "chance" for life, is precluded by a contrast in the description of those who are raised: "They that have done evil", versus "they that have done good." Those that have "done good" include all the saints; those that have "done evil" embrace all the wicked ... What "damnation" means for one that has "done evil" it means for all. Therefore if damnation means a chance or trial, Judas and all other evil-doers are raised from the dead to be given a "chance" -- none are punished with condemnation! Again, "the resurrection of damnation" stands opposed to "the resurrection of life." What is the opposite of "life"? Not a trial, not a chance; but death!
The Savior says only two classes are raised from the dead -- "they that have done good" and "they that have done evil" -- and he says that "all" who are raised get one of two things, corresponding with what they have "done" in a previous life: they either procure "life" because they have "done good", or they receive "damnation" (death) because they have "done evil". Destiny at the resurrection depends upon what we do in our lifetime; what we sow now we shall reap then. There are only two classes and two destinies spoken of in the Scriptures in connection with the resurrection. Those who "have done evil" have sown to "the flesh" in Pauline phraseology; those who "have done good" have sown to "the spirit" according to the same authority; the "damnation" of which Christ speaks Paul calls "corruption", and the "life" which our Lord mentions is "life everlasting" in Paul's interpretation (Gal. 6:7,8). The opposing destinies of these two classes are called "everlasting life" and "shame and everlasting contempt" by the .prophet Daniel (Dan. 12:2).
These contrasts in the character and destiny of those who are raised from the dead leave not an atom of room, not a space thin as a hair line, for a third class who are said by "Larger Hope" apologists (George Storrs) to emerge from the grave to undergo curative discipline during the millennium. The agricultural law of "whatsoever a man soweth, that shall he also reap" (Gal. 6:7), is entirely set aside by these errorists who teach that if we sow nothing we shall reap something. Something is reproduced from nothing! Constitutional passivity blesses all its helpless subjects with a resurrection which is followed by alluring and saving chances and opportunities.
The Scriptures, on the contrary, are clear as a trumpet blast that there is no third class raised from the dead who have done neither good nor evil, who have sown neither to the flesh nor spirit; and whose destiny is neither "life" nor "damnation". No one is given a "chance" to be saved after being raised from the dead. The subjects of the kingdom are taken out of the living people at the coming of Christ. They are selected from the "neutrals" of the time. The word "remnant" means "few of many" (Jer. 42), and is often applied to the subjects of Christ's reign. Every time the Bible uses this word world-burners and Russellites are both rebuked. The first say there is not one man on the earth during the reign of Christ. There can be no "remnant" of nations where there are no nations. The [Russellites] say there are unnumbered hordes of the vile and ignorant raised from the dead and put on probation during the millennium. A "remnant" does not mean a horde. Neither have any use for the word "remnant." The reader will therefore perceive in the propositions hereto appended, and which are amplified and sustained by the word of God, a complete refutation of both the world-burning and "fair chance" theories -- two dogmas which have been invented by the flesh and made popular by the traditions of men.

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THE RESTITUTION (Age-To-Come Church of God)May 18, 1915Staff Editorial
RUSSELLISM DANGEROUS AS THE PAPACY
The errors of Millennial Dawn books are so numerous and glaring that it seems unnecessary to point them out formally. We do not think it is possible for one who really wishes to know the truth as it is in Jesus to be misled by Russell's speculations. One who knows the Shepherd's voice instantly detects the voice of a "stranger" when the "pastor" opens his mouth. His heresies are so self-evident and so outrageous that they are easily recognized by our brotherhood. Just now we recall one claim made by "Pastor" Russell that is enough to discredit him utterly, if he were not discredited by many other things as well. The claim to which we refer is made in "The Watch Tower" of September 15, 1910, page 298, and it is this -- it is safer and better to study his books than the Bible itself! These are his words:
"If the six volumes of the Scripture Studies (referring to his own books) are practically the Bible topically arranged with Bible proofs, we might not improperly name the volumes 'The Bible in An Arranged Form', that is to say, they are not merely comments on the Bible but they are practically the Bible itself, since there is no desire to build any doctrine or thought on any individual preference or on any individual wisdom, but to present the entire matter on the lines of the word of God. We therefore think it safe to follow this kind of reading, this kind of instruction, this kind of Bible study.
"Furthermore, not only do we find that people can not see The Divine Plan in studying the Bible by itself, but we see, also that if anyone lays the Scripture Studies aside, even after he has used them, after he has become familiar with them, if he has read them for ten years -- if he then lays them aside and ignores them, and goes to the Bible alone, though he has understood the Bible for ten years, our experience shows that within two years he goes into darkness. On the other hand, if he has merely read the Scripture Studies, with their references, and had not read a page of the Bible, as such, he would be in the light at the end of twoyears, because he would have the light of the scriptures."
When any man makes any such claim as this it is unnecessary to read or listen to anything more that he has to say. By such a statement he proves himself to be beyond question a charlatan and religious impostor. This is simply the old Papal error in a new form. The Romish church took the Bible from the people and told them it was safer to study the comments of the saints and the priests on the Bible than to study the Bible itself. Russell is trying to do exactly the same thing, and by that fact is thoroughly discredited, and no intelligent and well-balanced person would care to follow his teaching any further. He is the pope all over again; a little more furtive, perhaps, and for that reason a little more dangerous.
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THE RESTITUTION (Age-To-Come Church of God)February 10, 1915Staff Editorial
CRITICISM OF "MILLENNIAL DAWN"Concerning the Resurrected Body of Christ
I am led to make these remarks by reading what the talented author of "Millennial Dawn" says about the resurrection of Christ, and to expose what he styles "the invisible phase of the kingdom". In Vol. 2, page 122, [Russell] says: "The Lord at his second coming shall assume the human form, as he did to his disciples after his resurrection, but such manifestations would be out of harmony with God's plan." ...
On page 126, [Russell] says [Jesus] had power to appear in a variety of ways, but no one of these bodies was his spiritual body, though the fact of his resurrection was proved by them. Just think of it: the resurrection of our Lord proved by bodies which had never died, and which had never been buried -- proved by bodies made to deceive them, made for the occasion!
[Russell] then adds that Christ was a spirit being really invisible to human sight. ... Just imagine Thomas handling a body that looked and felt like that of his Lord, who had been wounded for our transgressions, and told that it was He, and that He was really alive again, while all the time it was not the Lord's body, but a body made for the occasion, an assumed body! Did they ever discover the fraud, or was its discovery reserved as a laurel for this talented author of the Millennial Dawn?
On page 127, [Russell] says the human body of flesh and bone, and its clothing, which appeared suddenly while the doors were shut, did not go out of the door, but simply disappeared or dissolved into the same elements from which he had created them a few minutes before. ... And yet [Russell] adds, as if not quite so sure: "Doubtless [Jesus] was still with them invisibly." But what religious foolishness!
Again [Russell] says: "Some Christians absurdly conclude that the assumed bodies were his spirit body, and seem to disregard the statement of our Lord that this was not a spirit body." "Assumed bodies" -- where in all the book of God do we read about the "assumed bodies" of our Lord? Where do we read the statement of our Lord that this was not a spirit body that he appeared to them in? ...
This matter is now narrowed down to a question of knowledge or truth. [Russell] says this was not Christ himself, ... "Many suppose that our Lord's glorious body is the same body that was crucified. That is a great mistake, for if would show that it was not perfect, but scarred and disfigured!" ... Do the redeemed hosts agree with Russell in this when they sing "Thou wast slain, and hast redeemed us to God by thy blood." ... Shall we believe [Russell] or the Redeemed of God?

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THE SECOND ADVENTISTSCelebrated tbe Feast of the Passover in Allegheny Yesterday
The Feast of the Passover was observed yesterday at a meeting of the Second Adventists held in their hall, at 101 Federal street, Allegheny. The ceremonies began at 10 o'clock in the morning and continued throughout the day, under the guidance of Rev. C. T. Russell. There were about 400 persons present. One of the delegates, or colporteurs, Mr. Webb, said his home was in Canada, and that he had traveled 1700 miles to be in attendance. There were others from New York, Tennessee, Ohio, Illinois, Iowa, Missouri, Michigan, and West Virginia. There was no proscribed form of ceremony, the attendants confining their addresses to experiences in spreading their faith and reporting on their work. This occupied the entire morning and a portion of the afternoon. At noon, a lunch was served in the hall, and again at 2 and 6 o'clock in the afternoon. Baptismal services were conducted by Mr. Russell at' 2 o'clock, when 10 men and 12 women professed the faith of sect and were received into the organization. In the evening the feast of the passover was celebrated after Rev. Russell had delivered a short address, and all present ate of unleavened bread, signifying the purity of the flesh, as by faith the spirit is pure. There was a choir in attendance and hymns were sung, and at 10 o'clock the ceremony came to a conclusion. These services are observed on Palm Sunday every year. -- Pittsburgh Dispatch, April 15, 1889, edited.
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A new religion has arisen in Mars, [Pennsylvania], or perhaps we should say a new exponent of the old one. These people, called Russellites from their founder and leader met the past two Sabbaths in the Woodmen's Hall, Peters Block. They are Second Adventists, and repudiate eternal punishment. According to their tenets, the world is to be convulsed with revolt and anarchy for ten or fifteen years -- at the end of which the Millennium will begin. Agents have canvassed the town selling books in their interest. They have a small following there, probably ten or a dozen. -- Butler Citizen, August 4, 1904, edited. EDITOR: Butler County adjoins Allegheny County, and Mars, PA is only 15 miles north of Allegheny City. This was 1904. So much for the myth that CTR's expensive activities had made him a household name.
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BURNING OF THE WORLD FOOTNOTE

The Adventists are holding a national meeting in camp near Springfield, Mass. Their belief is thus given by one of their elders: ... Jesus Christ is the great life giver. He is coming personally to this earth. When He comes He will raise the dead, judge the world, destroy the devil and all his works, renew the earth and give his children eternal life. Thus there will be an utter end of all evil, and a perfect triumph of truth, righteousness and love. ... the redeemed and purified earth is to be the home of the saints, ... -- THE CENTRE REPORTER, September 11, 1873.

"No intelligent Adventist believes that this world is ever to come to an end, but, as the Psalmist says, 'It is established that it shall not be moved.' ... It is a fact well known to every Bible scholar that in every instance where the phrase 'The end of the world' occurs, it should simply read, 'The end of the age', the root, translated 'world', being 'aeon', signifying 'age' or 'dispensation'." -- W. W. Robertson in 1889, Prominent Montreal attorney and Advent Christian Church Elder.

THE SIGNS OF THE TIMES

He Should Know Better (edited)

In an Old Theological Quarterly, number 76, part 1, January, 1907, is the report of a sermon by C. T. Russell, of Millennial Dawn fame, on "Earthquakes in Prophecy." As it is his own publication, the report is presumably correct. He says:

"It is true that our Second Adventist and Seventh-day Adventist friends have also been calling attention to the Scriptural predictions of great tribulations upon the world, now near at hand; but our message is still a very different one from theirs and used for a very different purpose. Their message is that the convulsions of nature that are now due are to result in a "wreck of matter and a crash of worlds" -- in the utter destruction of our race and the reduction of this earth to a mass of cinder. And they use their message as a club to threaten and to drive the wicked to seek the cover and protection of the Lord. Be it noticed how different is our reference to these calamities. We hold with the Scriptures that the 'earth abideth forever,' and that cold and heat, summer and winter, will continue as long as the earth abideth. We hold again with the Scriptures that God made not the earth in vain -- He made it to be inhabited. Eccl. 1:4; Gen. 8:22; Isa. 45:18."

In other words, "they" do not believe or teach the Bible; "we" do.

Now Mr. Russell knows or ought to know that Seventh-day Adventists teach that the "earth abideth forever," that God "created it not in vain," that "He formed it to be inhabited." Eccl. 1:4; Isa. 45:17, 18.

No Adventist, so far as we know, believes that the earth will be burned up, but purified by fire and fitted for the eternal home of the redeemed, when "the meek shall inherit the earth; and shall delight themselves in the abundance of peace."

Among the things that Seventh-day Adventists do not believe is Mr. Russell's unscriptural theories.

(NOTE the use of the broad term, "Adventist", in the next to last paragraph, but the Author's narrow"SDA" term in the last paragraph. Such indicates that the SDA author and his SDA editors considered Charles Taze Russell and his sect to also be "Adventists".)

Notice how in the two following newspaper articles how the "words to the WatchTower Song" gradually change over time as 1914 firsts gets closer, and then passes. In the three news articles at the start of this lesson, it was clear that all the negatives associated with the Millennium would be completed by its start in 1914. In this first article, the fool George Driscoll even drags the "burning of the world" red herring across the trail. So did CTR in the beginning of the second article, but we edited out most of that part so as to keep the better points in focus. ONCE AGAIN, inquirers should be asking themselves after every mini-lesson, Was CTR and his WatchTower Society imitating Jesus Christ, or Satan the Devil???

MILLENNIUM IS COMING

But It Will Be a Thousand Years On the Way

When their annual conference ended in the Brooklyn Academy of Music last night, the 1,500 believers in the early dawn of the millennium who follow the teachings of Pastor Charles T. Russell, of the Brooklyn Tabernacle, were firmer than ever in their conviction that, beginning in 1914, the world is to be converted into a veritable paradise. The change from existing conditions is not to be a "sudden one", according to the explanations made by the "Bible students" as Pastor Russell's followers speak of themselves. It is going to be gradual, and 1,000 years will elapse before absolute perfection will be attained. But promptly with the advent of the new year 1914, the change of influences from the unrighteous to the righteous will be apparent. G. C. Driscoll, one of the leaders of Pastor Russell's followers, gave assurance that the world will never come to an end,"but that an entirely different method of rehabilitation will be resorted to." The millennium, he explained, will start promptly with the ringing of the bells on New Year's, 1914. Elevating influences will begin to work overtime. Gradually and unconsciously our conditions will be bettered. -- Fargo Daily Republican, September 7, 1909.

September 21, 1916

REVOLUTION AFTER WAR

Pastor Russell Predicts End of Present Civilization (edited)

"Hell will be popping" on earth following the great European war, according to Pastor Russell, ...

Pastor Russell, in his writings and lectures covering a period of thirty years (NO, 40 YEARS), predicted that the great European war would start (NO, STOP) in the autumn of 1914, and he stated so this morning. In an interview given to a Herald reporter, that following the war, the world will be destroyed by ... symbolic fire and brimstone, as, he says, is explained in the Bible.

"This great war now going on in Europe has weakened the power of kings," said Pastor Russell.

"The Bible shows that, following this great war, there will be serious revolutionary conditions. It symbolizes it as an earthquake and calls it the greatest that earth has ever experienced. Kings and other rulers will disappear and there will be a general smashing of present civilization in Europe. The Bible clearly points out that it will come here as well as there.

"The difficulties between capital and labor will assume tremendous proportions which will mean the destruction of all civilization. There are many good men who are Socialists ... but the Bible teaches that their efforts will result in anarchy, ...

"I do not think I am here merely to terrorise people about the bad things to come upon the country. My real message is the kingdom of God. The Bible has been promising the establishment of God's kingdom for a long while, but we have been looking in the wrong direction for It. We thought we could do it by sending missionaries to the heathen, but we have to learn that we are nearly all heathens. (EGOMANIAC!)

"According to the Bible (CITATION?), this great time of trouble is to teach mankind an everlasting lesson of their own insufficiency and hypocrisy, and then the people will be ready to hear the still, small voice of God, and be glad to respond to the regulation of his kingdom. (I THOUGHT THAT THE UNRESPONSIVE PEOPLE LIVING DURING THE TIME OF TROUBLE WOULD NEVER SEE THE KINGDOM OF GOD???)

"The Bible tells that all the governments of the world are going to fall; but many have been mistaken about the end of the world. The Bible says "The earth abideth forever' and that God formed it to be inhabited. The fire that is going to burn the world is the symbolic fire of anarchy, etc.

"After the war, the coalition of rulers with the churches will be made for mutual protection and support against socialistic influences. The Protestant and the Catholic churches will have to join and will be as one. ...

"What do you suppose will become of the 21,000.000 soldiers who will be turned loose upon the world at the end of the war? Where will they go and how will they be taken care of? Since the war started, new machinery has been invented to take the place of many laborers, and those machines can be run by women. Those men must find employment at high wages if they are going to help pay off the great taxes that are sure to come. The people are going to be burdened, and a revolution is as sure to follow the war as night succeeds day. It cannot be otherwise."

GEORGE WASHINGTON STETSON FOOTNOTE

The following excerpt testifies to the ACA affiliation of G. W. Stetson right up to the time of Stetson's death. WHY? Because there is a BSCrazy researcher out there proclaiming that George Stetson was NOT a "Second Adventist" despite Stetson's devoting the last three decades and more of his life to the ACA. According to that BSC researcher, the following excerpt proves nothing, nor does 20+ years of ACA work. According to BSC researcher, George Stetson was simply fooling the hundreds of Advent Christians who traveled long distances from across the country to Stetson's funeral in October 1879, because they believed George Stetson to be one of the purest Christians they had ever known, and they wished to display their affection and respect. Well, George Stetson is not fooling BSC researcher:

The Advent Christian Church of Moreland, Wayne Co., O[hio], will hold an Annual Ordinance Meeting, beginning May 31st and continuing over Lord's day. Dr. G. W. Stetson of Edinboro, Pa., will be present to preach and officiate. All are invited. M. Beck, Pastor. -- The Wayne County Democrat, Wooster, Ohio, May 28, 1879.

AND, according to one of the Edinboro Advent Christian Church's own historians, the name of the Edinboro church did NOT switch from "Advent Christian Church" to "Church of God" during Stetson's tenure as pastor, but rather the opposite occurred. The Edinboro group had been named "Church of God" when founded by Jonas Wendell, and that same name was maintained when they later affiliated with the ACC around 1863. Then, during Stetson's tenure as Pastor, the name was changed first to "Second Advent Christian Church", and then sometime later, to "Advent Christian Church". This would explain why the name "Church of God" may have been initially used by the group organized by Jonas Wendell in Allegheny/Pitt. This was easy and obvious to anyone not attempting to build some BS theory about Pittsburgh's Advent Christians not actually being "Second Adventists". A Shakespearean quote comes to mind.

December 9, 1871

The Pittsburgh Commercial

PREACHING BY DR. STETSON AT QUINCY HALL, No 127 Lacock street, Allegheny, SUNDAY, December 10th at 10:30 A.M. and 7 P.M. Subjects -- Morning, "The Seven Pillars of Wisdom's House." Evening, "The Spirits in Prison and the Curse." All are respectfully invited. Seats free.

August 17, 1872

Pittsburgh Gazette

QUINCY HALL, 127 LACOCK STREET, Allegheny. Services EVERY SUNDAY at 10:30 A.M. and 7:30 P.M. Subject: (?) "The End Is Not Yet" and "When The End Will Be and What" (?) by DR. STETSON.

November 9, 1872

Pittsburgh Gazette

SECOND ADVENT CHRISTIAN Church. Services every Lord's Day at 10:30 A.M. and 7:30 P.M November 10th, preaching in the morning by E. MCCULLOCH. Evening, G. D. CLOWES' ORDINATION. Quincy Hall, 127 Lacock Street, eight doors from Federal street. Seats free.

... I am very sorry to know that Brother Clowes is so very low. Possibly before this time he has gone to his rest. But his works will follow after; and may we also be ready, for we know not when our change may come. We are all in usual health at present, and hope you are all well. Joined by Wife and Mabel in love to you all, I am your loving Father, J. L. RUSSELL. ...

On Jan'y 25th our dear Brother Clowes, with whom some of our readers were acquainted, having heard him preach the word of truth at various points near Pittsburgh, passed away full of triumphant faith and glorious hope. -- March 1889 ZWT.

November 25, 1876

The Pittsburgh Gazette

DR. G. W. STETSON will preach tomorrow in the hall over the German National Bank, corner of Wood and Sixth streets. Morning subject, Looking for Salvation, evening, The Testimony of the Three Witnesses.

As noted above, George Stetson pastored the Pitt/Allegheny Advent Christians from November 1871 until May 1873, when he moved back to Edinboro to pastor the Edinboro Advent Christian Church. When Stetson died in October 1879, he had chosen fellow Second Adventist Charles Taze Russell to officiate at his funeral, which was attended by more than 1600 locals and visiting Advent Christians and other Second Adventists. There is no doubt but that CTR knew and understood THOROUGHLY the Second Adventist beliefs of his mentor and friend, George Stetson, and how such was typical of the vast majority of Second Adventists.

The following 1870 LTTE testifies to George Stetson's beliefs, along with other Second Adventist beliefs, regarding the alleged "burning of the earth". In this instance, Stetson was NOT chastising a fellow theologian -- Stetson was confronting a SCIENTIST who believed in the literal burning of the earth. This LTTE is posted here not only to prove that most Second Adventists did not believe in the literal burning of the earth, BUT MORE IMPORTANTLY, to PROVE that Charles Taze Russell KNEW THE TRUTH, but chose to LIE about such in his repeated claims over the decades that he was NOT a "Second Adventist", because Second Adventists purportedly believed in the literal burning of the earth; and he did not. Note that this excerpt is heavily edited to simply prove the aforementioned. Other content is not included.

THE RUTLAND INDEPENDENT,

FIRE! FIRE! FIRE! (edited)

Messrs. Editors : Your Independent of July 30th reached me Aug. 2d, containing an article on the "The End of the World," from the pen of Irwin H. Norton, of Leicester, Vt. His strictures on science, as claiming the destruction of the earth by electric flame proceeding from the sun, are of some weight, and merit due consideration. ... many who like Mr. Norton, hold, believe, and teach, that the material earth, on which we live, is at some fixed time, unknown to man, to be literally burned up with material fire. ...

The greatest cause of surprise is that with such an incessant cry of fire, fire, fire, as has been kept up from the pulpit and press, ever since pulpits and presses came into use, there are so few, who really believe, that it will prove anything more than smoke after all. ... [Norton] says, "It is plain that this earth is be destroyed by fire," ... In conclusion, [Norton] says, "It will surely come," i. e. the end of the world, in a literal sense, as I understand him.

Now permit me to say to [Norton], ... if you think the Bible teaches the literal destruction of the planet earth on which we live, take that Bible and search diligently, comparing scripture with scripture, and you will find you are all mistaken.

From Genesis to Revelation you can find no such phrase as (Greek), literally the end of the world. It is a theory, INFERRED. Mr. N. quotes Mark 13:32 ... "But of that day and that hour no man maketh known; not even the angels who are in Heaven; neither the Son, but the Father." If Mr. N. will take a Greek Testament and consult Mat 24:3, he will discover that the disciples asked concerning the end of the age or dispensation. ... 1st John 3:8 says, "The purpose for which, the Son of God was manifested, was, that he might destroy the works of the devil." But the devil did not make this earth on which we live, and Jesus affirms (Mat. 25:34) that the earth from its foundation was a prepared kingdom for those blessed of his Father and they are to inherit it. The fires which are to consume the devilish works, that are in the world, are already kindled, and have been burning for eighteen hundred years, (Luke 12:49) and will continue, with more fervent heat and intense glow, to scintillate and send forth its brilliant coruscations, in each succeeding age, "to all the Generations of the age of the ages," (Eph. 3:21) "until the whole earth is filled with tbe glory of the Lord," (Num. 14:21, and "the lights of Israel shall be for a fire, and his Holy one for a flame." (Isa. 10:17) "For our God is a consuming fire." (Heb. 12:29.) "Forever, 0 Lord, thy word is settled in Heaven, thy faithfulness is unto all generations: Thou hast established the earth, and it abideth." (Ps. 119:89, 90) "One generation passeth away, and another generation cometh; but the earth abideth forever." (Eccl. 11:4)

Olena, Huron Co., Ohio,

JONAS WENDELL FOOTNOTE

I have been a Bible student since I first had my attention called to the second coming of our Lord, by Jonas Wendel,

a Second Advent Preacher, about 1869, who was then preaching the burning of the world as being due in 1873.

-- Charles Taze Russell in First July 1879 ZWT.

1867 DEBATE INVITATION

TO THE CLERGY OF NORWALK --

Gents: Believing it will advance the cause of God and Truth to publicly discuss the following questions, I hereby invite you to select one of your number to meet me and discuss the same at your earliest convenience:

1. Is man a compound being -- part mortal and part immortal?

2. Will all men live forever?

3. Will this earth be renewed and made the eternal home of the righteous?

4. Can we know our proximity to the coming of Christ and the end of the world?

The last two questions I affirm; the first two I deny.

Yours for the Truth,

J. WENDELL. (1867)

**********************

Charles Taze Russell, in his three WATCH TOWER magazine mini-Bios, would have his readers believe that Jonas Wendell was only capable of lecturing in seedy sidestreet public Halls, and limited in his ability to addressing nothing more than the timing of the "Second Advent", and "the burning of the earth" thereat.

Well, the Wendell Family was high achieving, and included multiple Ministers, Attorneys, Bankers, politicians, and successful businessmen. However, it is true that Jonas Wendell was a "black sheep" in the successful Wendell family. Jonas Wendell was the son of a Methodist minister, and had been educated as such. Jonas Wendell also had been trained as an attorney by his brother, and later practiced in Edinboro privately as a small town attorney, and as an elected Justice of the Peace and Judge. Jonas Wendell, wife, and son also ran a mercantile store in Edinboro, and even "farmed" a little during his later years.

Jonas Wendell had fallen prey to the Millerite end-time message of 1843-44, and thus began a life of on-again, off-again Second Adventism, which repeated itself over again and over again, in the 1850s, in the 1860s, and finally, in the 1870s. Although Jonas Wendell had relocated his wife and son from White Plains, NY to Edinboro, Pennsylvania, sometime around 1848, where he built a home and a mercantile store, the Wendells maintained family relationships with Wendells and in-laws in eastern New York, and developed religious and other relationships in western New York, western Pennsylvania, and Ohio, as a result of sporadic evangelizing as a Second Adventist.

"At Edinboro there are quite a number of time [brethren] who seem to be very honest." -- SDA Evangelist, July 1855.

The following long and short news articles explain why there was a so-called "schism" amongst Allegheny/Pitt ACCs in 1871-72. Some folks believed Jonas Wendell blanket denial. Others did not. Like every sex scandal, even an entirely innocent accused comes out covered in feces (and, we are not saying that we believe Jonas Wendell). Those who did not believe Jonas Wendell's story likely did all they could do to put distance between themselves and Jonas Wendell and his supporters.

THE EDINBORO SENSATION.

Further Particulars In Relation to the Case.

The Erie Dispatch, in referring to the case of Rev. Jonas Wendell, of Edinboro, against whom grave charges have been preferred by a girl whom he had released from the House of Refuge, and the principal facts connected with which we published by telegraph, says:

Wendell has resided in Edinboro for some years, was at one time pastor of the church of the Second Advent in that town, and of late has wandered about the East and West, preaching a Sunday in a place, and occasionally holding revival meetings. He is represented to be a man of considerable intelligence, good address, a ready political speaker, and among the people of his religious faith, few men have earned a wider reputation for zealous and effective eloquence in arousing the lukewarm and indifferent, during periods of special religious interest. Mr. Wendell yet lacks ten years of the scriptural limit of a happy existence. He owns a house and has a family at Edinboro. He is quite well read in the law, and, it is said, was once admitted to the bar. A year or so since, a young girl residing in Edinboro, named Mary Terry, was placed by her friends in the House of Refuge at Pittsburgh. Mr. Wendell interested himself to secure her discharge, saying he would be responsible for her future good conduct. The authorities accordingly discharged her. She returned to Edinboro, and a short time since went from there to Rouseville to visit her relatives. On Friday, she came from Rouseville to Meadville and in the cars exhibited a letter from Mr. Wendell in which he promised to meet her in Meadville and accompany her thence to Pittsburgh. She made grave charges against Wendell, which immediately came to the knowledge of her relatives in Edinboro. Failing to find Wendell at Meadville, she took the cars for Sagertown, in company with a girl she had met at Meadville. Meanwhile her statements came to the knowledge of her friends at Edinboro, and a warrant was issued for Wendell's arrest. He was arrested and held for a hearing. The girl, after a tedious search, was discovered at Mosiertown, Crawford county, and brought to Edinboro on Saturday night last, and there held to appear as a witness. She is quite pretty, and not more than sixteen or seventeen years of age. At one time, she was regarded as somewhat simple-minded. -- The Pittsburgh Commercial, June 3, 1871.

Miss Mary Terry, of Edinboro, the young lady whose name was unpleasantly associated with the name of theRev. Jonas Wendell, a Second Adventist clergyman of that town, has appeared before a Justice of the Peace. She makes affidavit that the charges made against Mr. Wendell are entirely without foundation. -- The Erie Dispatch, May 31, 1871.

The following newspaper articles, nearly all from The Pittsburgh Gazette and The Pittsburgh Weekly Gazette, in 1869, 1870, and in 1871, attest that Jonas Wendell was no self-educated "one trick pony", and given all the above, Charles Taze Russell knew Wendell's resume and Wendell's true abilities when CTR artfully assassinated the character of Jonas Wendell in the pages of ZWT, long after Jonas Wendell was dead:

January 18, 1869

The Pittsburgh Commercial

ELDER J. WENDELL will apply the prophecies concerning the Second Advent of Christ and illustrate them on a large chart, tonight, in Wilkins Hall, over the Mayor's office, on Fourth avenue. Seats free and no collection.

January 23, 1869

THE LORD WILLING, ED J. Wendell will preach in Wilkin's Hall, over the Mayor's office, on Fourth street, Lord's Day, January 24th, at 10 1/2 o'clock A.M., and at 3 and 7 o'clock P.M. 1st. The certainty of Christ's coming. 2d. The necessity of beast's coming. 3d. The time of Christ's coming. Come and hear. "He that judgeth a matter before he heareth it is not wise." JOHN A. BEST.

January 30, 1869

THE LORD WILLING, Elder J. Wendell will preach in Wilkins Hall, over the Mayor's office, on Fourth street, on Lord's Day, January 31st, at 10 1/2 o'clock A.M., at 3 and 7 o'clock P.M. Subjects: 1st. Destiny of the Earth. 2nd. The Reward of the Righteous. 3rd. Doom of the Wicked. An opportunity for asking questions on the subjects will be given.

February 6, 1869

THE LORD WILLING, Elder J. Wendell will preach in Lafayette Hall, Wood Street, TOMORROW at 10:30 A.M., and at 3 and 7 P.M. Subjects: 1st. New Birth. 2nd. Rich Man and Lazarus. 3rd. Prophecy. An opportunity for asking questions on the subjects will be allowed.

February 13, 1869

ELDER J. WENDELL will preach in QUINCY HALL, or SOLDIER'S LEAGUE ROOM, Leacock street, near Federal, Allegheny City, TOMORROW, at 10 1/2 A.M. and 3 1/2 and 7 1/2 P.M. SUBJECTS: 1st. True Worship of God. 2d. Evidence of Discipleship. 3d. The Christian's Hope. Seats free and no collection.

February 20, 1869

THE CHURCH WAITING for the Coming of Jesus and the promises made to Abraham, Isaac and Jacob, and whose hope is only in the Resurrection, will have ELDER J. WENDELL to declare the word unto them TOMORROW, in QUINCY HALL, Lacock street, Allegheny City, at 10:30 A.M., and 3:30 and 7:30 P. M., and some evenings during the week. The public are invited. Seats free.

ELDER J. WENDELL WILL be present at QUINCY HALL, Lacock street, Allegheny, TOMORROW at 10:30 A.M. and 3:30 and 7:00 P.M., to proclaim the word to those waiting the coming of Jesus and the resurrection of the dead. Subject in the morning, **Eighth of Daniel and our near proximity to the end.** Meeting on Tuesday, Wednesday, and Friday evenings.

The Immortality of the Soul.

To the Editor of the Gazette: -- Sir: I am informed by a friend that a gentleman claiming to be a minister of religion, known as Elder Wendel, addressed, some time ago, the Christian public in an article inserted in the newspapers, in which he unblushingly denied, strange as it may seem, the fundamental principle of all true rellgion -- the immortality of the soul -- and that at the same time he invited any minister of the Gospel holding an opposite view to a discussion of the subject with him. I did not see the article in question, but am told that a minister, after consenting to discuss with Mr. Wendel, declined for reasons not stated. Now. lest the cause of truth should suffer at the hands of those who are commanded to "contend earnestly for the faith which Was once delivered to the saints," I, as a minister of the Gospel, believing implicitly in the teaching of the Word of God, and, therefore, in the immortality of the soul, take the liberty of respectfully inviting Mr. Wendel to lay his views on this subject before the public in the columns of the GAZETTE, (with your kind permission,) or any other of the Pittsburgh papers he may elect, when I shall deem it an incumbent duty -- although not fond of polemical disputation -- to present in reply what I consider to be the teaching of inspiration on this all-important subject. In the meantime, permit me, sir, to subscribe myself your obedient servant. in Christ,

The Immortality of the Soul.(?)

MESSRS. EDITORS GAZETTE -- Allow me to inform "Anima", through your columns, that Elder Wendell is now at home in Erie county, but does deny that the immortality of the soul is taught in the Scriptures of Truth, and believes that doctrine to be the mother of errors in the Church of Christ, and the basis of all false religions, and originated among the heathen philosophers. If any minister or a plurality of them, of approved character, in whom the public have confidence, or any laymen having the above qualifications, will affirm it in public oral discussion, he will return here and deny. Many of our citizens have expressed a desire to hear a discussion on that subject, believing it would be productive of good, and I hope "Anima" will lay aside his mask and stand forth boldly like Paul, who was "set for the defense of the Gospel". -- Phil 1:17.

I will also state Elder Miles Grant, editor of the Crisis, of Boston, has a standing challenge to those who believe and teach this doctrine, and is ready at any time to deny it. To increase an interest in this subject, I will donate $20 ($400.00 in 2021 dollars) for every passage of Scripture where the immortality of the soul is mentioned, to any Church or Sunday School the finder may elect.

Fifth avenue and Tunnel street.

** Whichever one of the three or more local "John Best" was this Pittsburgh Second Adventist leader, Jonas Wendell was not the first visiting Second Adventist evangelist whom local SA leader "John A. Best" had managed during the 1860s. By the 1890s, John A. Best had become a prosperous businessman who shared a couple NFP BODs with Henry Conley. John Best and his wife also became close friends of Henry Conley and his wife. After Henry Conley died in 1897, John Best stepped into Conley's shoes as head of both the local and state CMA.

John A. Best's LTTE is important in what it tells us about Jonas Wendell and Wendell's service of the Allegheny Advent Christian Church, from Edinboro, plus what it tells us about the quality of the local membership. Editor Miles Grant can be seen in the National Conference photograph linked on JWINFO Page 1.

February 12, 1870

THE LORD WILLING, a series of meetings will be commenced at QUINCY HALL, Lacock street, one square below Federal, Allegheny City, on LORD'S DAY, on February 13, 1870, at 10:30 A.M., 3 and 7:30 P.M., and continue during the week. ELDER J. WENDELL will be present to expound the prophecies concerning the signs of the times, the delusion of spiritualism, the coming Struggle among the Nations of the Earth, the second advent of Jesus, his Subjugating the kingdoms and Republics of this world, his everlasting reign upon the earth; the Destiny and Destruction of the wicked, and exhort to repentance for God hath appointed a day to judge the world. All are earnestly invited to come and take part, those who are ready for the coming day and those who are without God and without hope; those who warn men to flee from the coming doom, and those who are exhorted.

February 19, 1870

THE LORD WILLING, ELDER J. WENDELL will preach in QUINCY HALL, Lacock street, Allegheny, at 10:30 A.M. and 3 and 7:00 P.M., on Sunday, and on TUESDAY, WEDNESDAY, and THURSDAY EVENINGS during the week, expounding the Prophesies concerning the soon coming and second appearance of Jesus. An opportunity for asking questions will be given. You are earnestly invited.

February 23, 1870

The doctrine of the Annihilation of the Wicked, according to the Methodist Home Journal, is taking root and spreading among thinking men, both in and out of that Church, and both in and out of its ministry, with a growth that is obvious and threatening. It is asserted that the question whether the Scriptures promise perpetual existence to any but the good must soon have a rehearing in that denomination.

We have heard many in this city express a desire to hear a discussion of this question. Elder Wendell, who is now preaching in Quincy Hall, Allegheny, alleges that "perpetual existence is promised only to the righteous," and expresses his willingness to discuss the question with any man of acknowledged ability and reputation. The question is one of vast magnitude, and will not some one of God's watchmen meet Elder Wendell and both, in the spirit of meekness, give us the argument and Scripture, pro and con, on this all important subject. The above article, taken from the Albany Evening Journal, attests that the question must be met with something better than silent contempt, or the naked asservations of erring man.

EDITOR'S NOTE: We don't know what either of the two aforementioned news articles stated, but Jonas Wendell did debate a New York Pastor- School Principal in Summer 1869. Jonas Wendell apparently had a reputation with the media for eagerly entering debates -- of which there were many. We have found formal debates as far back as 1859, and suspect that there were many prior to that date.

Challenge Accepted

MESSRS. EDITORS: Some ten days since there appeared in your columns a communication referring to Elder J. Wendell and the preaching of his peculiar doctrines in Quincy Hall, Allegheny city, and that he had challenged or invited the clergy of Allegheny county to meet him in discussion of the same. As none other of our clergy seem inclined to accept the invitatlon, I propose to do so, if we can agree upon terms of debate.

I propose the following as a suitable question:

Does the Bible teach the doctrine of the destruction of a part of mankind?

Does the Bible teach the doctrine of the immortality, holiness and happiness of all mankind?

This question, it appears to me, will cover the main point of difference between us, and allow each party an affirmative and negative.

If this offer shall be accepted the details of the debate can be arranged by the parties.

MESSRS. EDITORS GAZETTE: I see by today's Gazette that D. Bacon has intimated his purpose of meeting me in a public discussion of the points at issue between us. This frank manly course in favor of full and free discussion, is not only in good keeping with the spirit of the age, and the genius of our institutions, but indicative of a becoming confidence and sincerity in the cause he advocates. I have accepted the questions as proposed by him and have arranged to commence the discussion on Monday evening, March 14th, at 7 1/2 o'clock, at Quincy Hall. J. WENDELL. March 8,1870.

THE CHURCH WORSHIPING IN QUINCY HALL, 127 Lacock street, Allegheny, "Looking for the Blessed Hope and Glorious Appearing of the Great God and the Lord Jesus Christ." meet at 10:30 A.M. and 3 and 7:30 P.M., TOMORROW (SUNDAY.) Elder HIMES, of Michigan, will "preach the word." Elder WENDELL is also expected. Come and hear, we will try and do you good.

*** "Elder Himes" is Joshua V. Himes, who in 1870 was one of -- if not "the" -- "leaders" of the Advent Christian Church. This is just one more piece of evidence that the "Allegheny Church of God" was affiliated with the ACC, and thus was not some BS "Age-To-Come" affiliate. Joshua Himes probably even should be considered the main proponent of the 1843-44 Movement given that William Miller gradually became mostly a figurehead. The significance of Joshua Himes' visit to Pittsburgh in 1870 should not be underestimated. Every Second Adventist in the area would have wanted to hear and hopefully meet Joshua Himes, including the Russell and Conley families, who likely were regular attendees anyway. See Himes and Wendell together at 1868 national ACC Convention in photo linked on JWINFO Page 1.

Other ACC "notables" known to have visited the Allegheny ACC congregation during this time period included ACC evangelist Elder Eusebius McCulloch and ACC administrator Elder Joseph D. Brown. All of these ACC insiders had worked with and knew everyone else up and down the relatively small ACC chain of command, and they undoubtedly shared "war stories" about such as they smoozed with the locals in every congregation that they visited. That, plus his subscriptions to every ACC and other brands of Adventism magazines, reveals CTR's later assertions that he was unfamiliar with ACC personnel during the early 1870s to be nothing but typical CTR horsesh!t. Of course, there is also CTR's never-disclosed travel tour or tours of Second Adventist notables.

May 14, 1870

CHRISTIANS WHO WORSHIP in QUINCY HALL, 127 Federal street, Allegheny, every LORD'S DAY at 10:00 A.M. and 3 and 7:30 P.M., serving the living and true God and waiting His Son fron heaven, will have ELDER WENDELL present TOMORROW to "Preach the Word". Come and we will try and do you good.

CHRISTIANS LOOKING FOR that blessed hope, the glorious appearing of the Great God and the Lord Jesus, will worship in QUINCY HALL, 127 Lacock street, Allegheny. ELDER WENDELL will preach TOMORROW at 10:30 A.M. and 3 and 7:30 P.M., Come and we will try and do you good.

October 22, 1870

ELDER WENDELL WILL BE present tomorrow at Quincy Hall, 127 Lacock street, Allegheny, and preach at 10:30 A.M. and 3 and 7 P.M. Xxxxxxx xxxxx second coming of Christ and those who would xxxxx the nature of man, the destiny of the world, the coming glory and the doom of the wicked. All are earnestly invited to come.

February 18, 1871

There will be preaching tomorrow, February 19th, at 10:30 A.M., and 2 o'clock P.M. by Elder J. Wendell. Lecture in the evening at 7 o'clock on the 25th of Matthew, by Dr. Barbour. Come and hear at Flour City Hall. -- Democrat and Chronicle, Rochester, New York.

ELDER J. WENDELL WILL preach in QUINCY HALL, No. 127 Lacock street, Allegheny, on SUNDAY, 23rd, at 10 1/2 o'clock A.M. and at 7 1/2 o'clock P. M. -- Subject "The purpose of God in creating the world: His plan for its redemption from the curse; and the time for its accomplishment."

QUINCY HALL, 127 LACOCK STREET, Allegheny. Services EVERY SUNDAY at 10:30 A.M. and 7:30 P.M. Subject: (?) "The End Is Not Yet" and "When The End Will Be and What" (?) by DR. STETSON.

*****************

Fenn and Wendell, Advent preachers, have pitched their tent at East Randolph. -- The Buffalo Express, July 7, 1870.

Second Advent Preaching: Eld. J. Wendell will preach in Beaverwyck Hall ... Subject, "Judgment on the Papal Power." -- The Albany Express, July 1872.

TENT MEETING -- The Second Adventists are holding a series of meetings in this city, under the auspices of the New York Advent Christian Conference ... under the direction of Elders Jonas Wendell and B. P. Stevens ... Tonight the subject of the lecture will be "The Signs of the First (?) Advent, and their literal fulfillment." -- The Syracuse Daily Journal, September 27, 1872.

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